Introduction

Experimental

Setup Photographs

Sample Movies 1

Sample Movies 2

Slug flow levitation

The movies displayed on this page show the effect of sound waves on an air bubble in water. In the movie below, a bubble was injected 0.05 m from the base of the polyacrylate tube with the vibration frequency set at 85 Hz and the vibration amplitude at 0.125 mm zero-to-peak. After about thirty seconds, the frequency was gradually increased from 85 Hz to 100 Hz in steps of 2 Hz/s. An increase in frequency causes the bubble to ascend while a decrease in frequency casues it to descend. The frequency was continuously swept between 85 Hz and 100 Hz, with the bubble displaying this upward and downward motion each time. The bubble used in this experiment had a volume of 0.084 mL and the clear liquid height in the polyacrylate tube was 1 m.

The movies below are animated GIF previews. To view them in real-time, it is advisable that you first download them to your hard disk before playing them since they are quite large.

Movie 1: Response of air bubble to a frequency sweep of 85 Hz to 100 Hz at a rate of 2 Hz/s Download Movie 1 (35 MB) In the movie below, a bubble of the same volume as that above was injected into the polyacrylate tube filled with water to a height of 1 m. The frequency of virbation was set at 92 Hz and the ampitude of vibration at 0.125 mm zero-to-peak. This time around, the bubble neither rises nor descends but remains trapped at an equilibrium position in the column.

Movie 2: Air bubble in water at a constant vibration frequency of 92 Hz. Download Movie 2 (30 MB)

All movies on this webpage play back at the real-time rate of 30 frames per second (fps).