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2D
Movies
Movies
1 and 2 show the Brazil Nut and Reverse Brazil Nut Effects respectively, in the
peduo-2D container described previously.
They were made using the Panasonic DSP color video camera. The granular bed consists of 0.85-mm diameter polystyrene particles. The
intruder is a hollow brass cylinder with the following dimensions:
Outer
diameter, D = 15 mm
Hollow
diameter, d = 7.5 mm
Thickness
= 4.35 mm
To
play the movies, you must have Apple QuickTime Player installed. Please download
it from here
if needed. All movies on this webpage play back at the real-time rate of 30
frames per second (fps).
The
movies might take a bit of time to appear on this webpage. Do exercise a bit of
patience. You may choose to first download the movies onto your hard drive
before playing them. To do this, right-click on the Download Movie links
shown, and choose the Save Target As... option.
Movies
3 and 4 below were made using a Photron Fastcam-ultima 40K high-speed video
camera. In both cases, the granular bed consists of polystyrene particles. The
intruder in Movie 3 is a hollow brass cylinder with the following dimensions:
Outer
diameter, D = 20 mm
Hollow
diameter, d = 12.1 mm
Thickness
= 4.35 mm
The
intruder in Movie 4 is a brass cylinder with a diameter D of 20 mm and a
thickness of 4.35 mm. The dark line in Movie 4 is a reference point used to
demonstrate that the intruder does indeed sink within the time span of the
movie. Movies 3 and 4 are 25 times slower than real time.
The movies 5 and 6 below demonstrate the Brazil nut and the reverse Brazil nut
effect respectively, in the pseudo-2D container. For both movies the vibration
frequency is 50 Hz and the amplitude is 1.0 mm. The Brazil nut effect occurs in
the upper part and the reverse Brazil nut effect in the lower part of the
granular bed. The container is filled with polystyrene particles up to 0.155m.
The intruder is a lead cylinder with a diameter of 15mm and a thickness of 4.35
mm. Movie 5 is a real time movie, recorded at 30 frames per second
(fps). Movie 6 is 10 times faster than real time.
The movies 7 and 8 below are close-ups of the movies 5 and 6 respectively and are 16.6 times slower than real time (recorded at 500 fps). All the other conditions are the same as indicated for the movies 5 and 6. Note that the frequency of the parabolic intruder path in movie 7 changes from the container frequency (50 Hz) to half the container frequency (25 Hz) at the top of the granular bed.
Next:
3D Movies
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Download Movie 1